Jacobinism

Concise Oxford English Dictionary © 2008 Oxford University Press:
Jacobin /ˈdʒakəbɪn/

▶noun

• 1 historical a member of a radical democratic club established in Paris in 1789, in the wake of the French Revolution.

• 2 an extreme political radical.

• 3 chiefly historical a Dominican friar.

• 4 (jacobin) a pigeon of a breed with reversed feathers on the back of its neck like a cowl.

– derivatives
Jacobinic adjective,
Jacobinical adjective,
Jacobinism noun.

– origin ME (denoting a Dominican friar): from OFr., via med. L. from eccles. L. Jacobus ‘James’, after the church in Paris, St Jacques, near which the friars built their first convent; the latter eventually became the headquarters of the French revolutionary group.