antonomasia
Concise Oxford English Dictionary © 2008 Oxford University Press:
antonomasia /ˌantənəˈmeɪzɪə, anˌtɒnə-/
▶noun Linguistics the substitution of an epithet or title for a proper name.
■ the use of a proper name to express a general idea (e.g. a Scrooge for a miser).
– origin C16: via L. from Gk, from antonomazein ‘name instead’.
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