by

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Multiple Entries:
  by    by-  

Concise Oxford English Dictionary © 2008 Oxford University Press:
by/bʌɪ/
preposition
  • 1 through the agency or means of.

    ■ indicating how something happens.

  • 2 indicating a quantity or amount, or the size of a margin.

    ■ identifying a parameter.

    ■ expressing multiplication, especially in dimensions.

  • 3 indicating the end of a time period.
  • 4 near to; beside.

    ■ past and beyond.

  • 5 during.
  • 6 according to.
  • 7 used in mild oaths: by God!
adverb so as to go past. noun (pl. byes) variant spelling of bye1.
– phrases
by and by before long.
by the by (or bye) incidentally.
by and large on the whole. [orig. in naut. use, describing the handling of a ship both to the wind and off it.]
by oneself
  • 1 alone.
  • 2 unaided.
by way of see way.
– origin OE , bi, be, of Gmc origin.

Concise Oxford English Dictionary © 2008 Oxford University Press:
by- /bʌɪ/(also bye-)
prefix subordinate; incidental; secondary: by-election.
'by' also found in these Oxford entries:

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