sine qua non
Concise Oxford English Dictionary © 2008 Oxford University Press:
sine qua non /ˌsɪni kwɑː ˈnəʊn, ˌsɪni kweɪ ˈnɒn/
▶noun a thing that is absolutely essential.
– origin L., lit. ‘(cause) without which not’.
'sine qua non' also found in these Oxford entries:

