surge

Concise Oxford English Dictionary © 2008 Oxford University Press:
surge/sɜːʤ/

▶noun

• 1 a sudden powerful forward or upward movement: tidal surges.

• 2 a sudden large temporary increase.

• 3 a powerful rush of an emotion or feeling.

▶verb

• 1 move in a surge.

• 2 increase suddenly and powerfully.

• 3 Nautical (of a rope, chain, or windlass) slip back with a jerk.

– origin C15 (in the sense ‘fountain, stream’): the noun from OFr. sourgeon; the verb partly from the OFr. stem sourge-, based on L. surgere ‘to rise’.