weather

Concise Oxford English Dictionary © 2008 Oxford University Press:
weather/ˈweðə(r)/

▶noun

• 1 the state of the atmosphere at a place and time as regards temperature, wind, rain, etc.

• 2 [as modifier] Nautical windward. Contrasted with lee.

▶verb

• 1 wear away or change in form or appearance by long exposure to the weather.

  ■ (of rock or other material) be worn away or altered by such processes.

• 2 come safely through.

• 3 make (boards or tiles) overlap downwards to keep out rain.

  ■ (in building) slope or bevel (a surface) to throw off rain.

• 4 Sailing (of a ship) get to the windward of (a cape).

• 5 (usu. as noun weathering) Falconry allow (a hawk) to spend a period perched in the open air.

– phrases
keep a weather eye on be watchful for developments.
make heavy weather of informal have unnecessary difficulty in dealing with (a task or problem). [from the naut. phr. make good or bad weather of it, referring to a ship in a storm.]
under the weather informal slightly unwell or depressed.

– origin OE weder, of Gmc origin.